Formats (14)

Performance structures — from 2-minute games to 60-minute shows.

Form
Level
Style

Two-Person Longform

Two performers sustaining a complete longform show — typically 25-60 minutes — without ensemble support. The purest test of improv partnership: nowher

Theatresports

Keith Johnstone's competitive improv format. Two teams perform improvised scenes head-to-head, judged by the audience. The format that turned improvis

Scenes from a Hat

Audience suggestions written on slips of paper before the show, placed in a hat (or bowl, or bucket), pulled randomly, and performed as rapid-fire sce

Organic Longform

Longform improvisation with no predetermined structure. No preset opening, no mandated beats, no required group games, no predetermined scene order. T

Narrative Longform

Longform improv that creates a coherent story with beginning, middle, and end — an improvised play or film. Distinguished from collage-based forms (Ha

Musical Improv

Improvised scenes performed with live musical accompaniment, where performers spontaneously create songs — lyrics, melody, and sometimes choreography

Montage

The most free-flowing longform format — a series of scenes with no required structure, no mandated group games, no obligation to revisit characters. W

Micetro

Keith Johnstone's elimination format (also spelled "Maestro"). Individual performers compete; the audience votes to eliminate one player each round un

La Ronde

A character-chain longform format where each two-person scene shares one character with the next, forming a circle that returns to the first character

The Harold: Improv's Most Important Long-Form Format

The foundational longform improv structure. Invented by Del Close in 1967 with The Committee in San Francisco, codified by Close and Charna Halpern th

Gorilla Theatre

Keith Johnstone's format where performers take turns directing each other's scenes. Each performer pitches a scene idea to the audience, then directs

Genre Format

Longform improv performed within the conventions of a specific genre — film noir, horror, Western, rom-com, musical. Genre knowledge becomes the struc

Freeze Tag

The most universal shortform improv game. Two performers begin a scene. At any point, someone on the sideline calls "Freeze!" Both performers stop in

Armando

A monologue-driven longform format where a monologist tells true personal stories that inspire improvised scenes. The most widely performed longform s