Attention and Effort — Daniel Kahneman (1973)

Daniel Kahneman. Attention and Effort. Prentice-Hall, 1973.

The foundational capacity model of attention. Establishes that attention is a limited, general-purpose resource pool with flexible allocation. When total demand exceeds available capacity, lower-priority channels degrade — directly supporting the claim that reception fails under cognitive load.

Key contributions to the knowledge graph:

Extended by: Wickens' Multiple Resource Theory (1984, 2002) refines Kahneman's single-pool model into multiple partially-separate resource pools (visual, auditory, spatial, verbal). This explains why some task combinations (planning + listening) interfere more than others (moving + listening). The bandwidth atom hedges accordingly.

Also relevant: Clark & Brennan's grounding theory (1991) extends the capacity framework to dyadic interaction — communication requires ongoing mutual coordination, and the cost of grounding increases with message complexity. This is the theoretical basis for the "shared bandwidth" concept.